12/14/2023 0 Comments Stem related degreeAs defined, here, the STEM workforce includes 74 occupations including computer and mathematical occupations, engineers and architects, physical scientists, life scientists, and health-related jobs such as healthcare practitioners and technicians (but not health care support workers such as nursing aides and medical assistants). Census Bureau’s American Community Survey. This analysis uses a broad definition of the STEM workforce and is based solely on occupation, as classified in the U.S. Thus, in two occupational clusters with particularly low shares of women, retention of those who appear to meet a key requirement for job entry appears to be lower for women than for men.ĭefining STEM workers with a wide-angle lens Similarly, women who majored in engineering are less likely than men to be working in engineering jobs. But for others, there may be barriers to entry into STEM jobs in addition to obtaining a bachelor’s degree in a STEM field.Įven so, among college-educated workers, women who majored in computer science or related computer fields are less likely than men trained in those fields to be working in computer jobs. Some may have found their skills and training to be applicable to and rewarded in a non-STEM occupation (such as banking or finance). The reasons about half of college-educated workers with STEM-related training turn to jobs elsewhere are likely complicated. But only about half (52%) of those with college training in a STEM field are currently employed in a STEM job. Among college-educated workers, one-in-three (33%) majored in a STEM field. One potential barrier for those wishing to enter the STEM workforce is the generally higher level of educational attainment required for such positions. The pattern is similar for blacks and Hispanics, who also tend to be concentrated in less lucrative STEM jobs, widening the measured earnings disparity. This is partially because women are clustered in lower-paying STEM jobs in the health care industry and underrepresented in the more lucrative fields of engineering and computer science. In spite of the earnings advantage that STEM workers have over non-STEM workers, the gender wage gap is wider in STEM occupations than in non-STEM jobs. Among workers with similar education, STEM workers earn significantly more, on average, than non-STEM workers. STEM jobs have relatively high earnings compared with many non-STEM jobs, and the earnings gap persists even after controlling for educational attainment. The representation of women, blacks and Hispanics holds pocketbook implications for workers. And among employed adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher, blacks are just 7% and Hispanics are 6% of the STEM workforce.Īsians are overrepresented in the STEM workforce, relative to their overall share of the workforce, especially among college-educated workers: 17% of college-educated STEM workers are Asian, compared with 10% of all workers with a college degree. workforce but only 7% of all STEM workers. workforce overall but represent 9% of STEM workers, while Hispanics comprise 16% of the U.S. Gains in women’s representation in STEM jobs have been concentrated among women holding advanced degrees, although women still tend to be underrepresented among such workers.īlack and Hispanic workers continue to be underrepresented in the STEM workforce. While there has been significant progress for women in the life and physical sciences since 1990, the share of women has been roughly stable in other STEM occupational clusters and has actually gone down 7 percentage points in the area with the largest job growth over this period: computer occupations, a job cluster that includes computer scientists, systems analysts, software developers, information systems managers and programmers. Women account for the majority of healthcare practitioners and technicians but are underrepresented in several other STEM occupational clusters, particularly in computer jobs and engineering. workers in STEM occupations, though their presence varies widely across occupational clusters and educational levels. Using a broad definition of the STEM workforce, women make up half (50%) of all U.S. Since 1990, STEM employment has grown 79% (9.7 million to 17.3 million) and computer jobs have seen a whopping 338% increase over the same period. has transformed rapidly to an information-based economy, employment in science, technology, engineering and math occupations has grown – outpacing overall job growth.
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